Apparatus for cracking oil



June24, 1930; e. EGLOFF APPARATUS FOR CRACKING OIL Original Filed May 25, 1921 GusTHv u 3 m" Wm ta QQKG T J R 1 \m m,

Patented June 24, 1930 UNITED STATES, PATENT orrlca GUSTAV EGLOFI, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTS COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION SOUTH DAKOTA APPARAT S FOR cnacxrne on.

Application filed Kay 23, 1921, Serial No. 471,559. Renewed December 17, 1929.

This invention relates to improvements in' process and apparatus for cracking oil and refers more particularly to that type of apparatus in which the oil is first passed through a continuous, coil seated in a furnace, thence delivered to. a vapor chamber where vaporization takes place, the vapors removed and-certain of them returned as reflux condensate to the still for further cracking; In accordance with the present inven tion, the reflux condensate, while it is re turned to the vapor chamber, is returned in such a way that it is kept out of contact with the main body of the carbon containing residue in the vapor chamber and is returned relatively clean to the heating coil for further treatment. The process may be operated, if desired, as a continuous process in which fresh charging stock is continuously fed to the heating coil and the carbon containing residue continuously drawn off from the expansion chamber.

The details of the invention more description, together with the accompanying drawing, in which the sin 'lqjigure represents a view partly in side el evation and partly in vertical sectionof my improved apparatus.

Referring to the drawing 1 designates a furnace in which is mounted the cracking coil 2, which may take the form of a series of 2 to 4 inch tubes connected to form a single continuous coil. The upper, or discharge end of the tubes is connected to an expansion or vapor chamber 3, which vapor chamber is provided with a residue draw ofl, pipe 4, controlled by throttle valve 5. The fresh oil is fed to the lower end of the coil through feed line 6, by means of feed pump 7, the 'feed. line 6 having a suitable throttle valve 8.

Vapors pass out of the chamber 3 by means of the upwardly inclined vapor pipe 9, connected at its lower end to the top of the chamber 3 and at its upper end to the bottom of dep egmator 10, which de hlegmator is provided with a plurality of aflies l1 and 12. The upper end of the dephlegmator is connected by vapor pipe 13, to the condenser coil 14:, seated in condenser box taining residue.

provided with the baflle member or partition.

15. The lower end of the coil is connected bypipe 16 to the top of a receiver, 17. This rece1ver 17 is provided with pressure gauge 18, liquidlevel'gauge 19, gas outle t pipe 2O controlled by throttle valve 21, and distillate draw-oil pipe 22 controlled by throttle valve' 23. Throttle valves 24 and 25 may be inserted in the pipes 9 and 13, respectively, if

desired. Theiarra ement is such that a.

member 26, which extends vertically upwardly and entirely across the inside of the shell 3, but terminating short of the top of the shell 3, as shown in the drawings. The arrangement is such that the liquid level of oil in the shell 3 may be kept below the top of the partition member 26. The reflux cone densate is prevented from falling back into the shell 3 so as to mingle with the main body of'the oil by providing the pipe line with a trap, 27 From the lower end ofthe trap, a pipe, 28, carries the reflux condensate on into the shell 3 below the top of the partition 26 and on that side of the partition remote from the main body of the oil. This forms in effect a reflux containing compartment, 29, the lower end of which is connected by pipe 30, having throttle valve 31, with the main feed line, 6. It will thus be seen that the reflux condensate is returned vaporization takes place. A pressure of from 50 lbs. to 350 lbs. may be maintained in the entire system. The. reflux condensate may be continuously returned via the pipes 28 and 30 to the heating coil for further treatment. If desired, a differential pressure may be maintained on the system by suitably regulating the valves shown.

It will be noted, however, that the reflux condensate is never permitted to mixwiththe main body of the carbon containing residue.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an apparatus for'cracking 'oil, the combination with a heating coil, of a furnace in which said coil is seated, an en-- larged vapor chamber communicating with one end of the coil, avertical partition disposed- Within said chamber near one side thereof and extending a considerable distance upwardly therein to thereby divide the same and form a relatively small compartment at one side of the chamber, a vapor discharging line leading from said chamher, adephlegmator communicating with said line, means for'discharging reflux condensate directly into said relatively small compartment at one side of the vapor chan 1. her, a discharge line fromthe bottom of the compartment for admitting the reflux to the heating coil,,- and means for withdrawing residual oil from the vapor chamber to maintain its level substantially below the upper portion of the partition.

2. In an apparatus for cracking oil, the combination with a heating coil, of a furnace in which said coil is seated, an enlarged vapor chamber communicating with one end of'the coil, a vertical partition disposed within said vapor chamber near one side thereof and extending a considerable distance upwardly withinfsaid chamber to form a relatively small compartment at one side of the'chamber, a vapor discharge line leading from the chamber, a,

dephlegmator communicating with said line, a vertically disposed discharge pipe leading from said line into said relatively small compartment for introducing a reflux con densate thereto, and a discharge pipe connected with the bottom of the compartment for admitting'reflux condensate to the heating coil, means for withdrawing residual oil from the vapor chamber to maintain its level below the upper portion of the partition, whereby the reflux condensate is maintained separate from the residuum but is heated thereby prior to its introduction to the heating coil.

' GUSTAV EGLOFF. 

